Une consommation de cannabis, de cocaïne ou d’héroïne doit être recherchée devant des symptômes respiratoires survenant chez des sujets jeunes et les praticiens doivent aider les usagers de ces substances illicites à arrêter leur consommation.

Les études portant sur la diminution ou le déclin du volume expiratoire maximal par seconde (VEMS) sont discordantes.

En revanche, sa consommation chronique provoque une diminution de la conductance spécifique des voies aériennes. Le cannabis a un effet bronchodilatateur rapide. L’usage de cannabis, de cocaïne ou d’héroïne par voie inhalée peut être responsable de symptômes respiratoires (toux, sifflements thoraciques), favoriser le développement d’un asthme, augmenter le risque d’exacerbation aiguë d’asthme (pouvant nécessiter une intubation et une ventilation invasive), voire des décès par asthme et diminuer l’observance du traitement de l’asthme. L’objectif de cette revue systématique de la littérature est d’exposer les données concernant la relation entre la consommation de cannabis, de cocaïne ou d’héroïne et l’asthme. L’usage de cannabis, de cocaïne ou d’héroïne peut être responsable de complications pulmonaires parmi lesquelles figure l’asthme. (1) There is a real increase in BHR in subjects who inhale heroin mixed with cocaine vaporized on aluminum foil and (2) this BHR is associated with wheezing that develops after a variable period of latency, once drug inhalation begins, and persists despite discontinuation of the drug. Wheezing remitted in only 7.6% after discontinuation of the drug. Of the subjects who inhaled the drug mixture and denied having symptoms prior to the use of the drug mixture, 31.4% had wheezing develop after commencing use of the drug, following a mean latency of 4.09 months. In the INH-I group, there was a 41.9% prevalence of wheezing over the past 12 months, a 44.4% prevalence of BHR, and a 22.02% prevalence of asthma, defined as wheezing plus BHR. The control group consisted of 122 individuals who did not inhale the drug mixture, and were chosen randomly from the general population (NO-INH group). A questionnaire was completed in both groups, as well as IgE determination and lung function tests (spirometry and methacholine challenge). Ninety-one subjects who inhaled the drug mixture were included in the study: 62 subjects were from a drug rehabilitation center (INH-I group), and 29 subjects were among patients admitted to our hospital for a variety of reasons (INH-II group). To define the prevalence and the characteristics of bronchial disease (wheezing, bronchial hyperreactivity, and asthma) present in subjects inhaling heroin mixed with cocaine vaporized on aluminum foil. In our area, inhaling heroin mixed with cocaine vaporized on aluminum foil, known as rebujo, is becoming more and more common.

Foily cocaine step by step